ván khuôn
- Noun:
- Formwork (Construction): A temporary structure or mold, typically made of wooden boards or panels, used to hold wet concrete in place until it sets and gains sufficient strength. It defines the shape and dimensions of the final concrete element.
- Mold / Form: More generally, any rigid structure that gives shape to a fluid or pliable material during construction or manufacturing.
- Noun:
- Công nhân đang lắp dựng ván khuôn cho cột bê tông. (Workers are assembling the formwork for the concrete column.)
- Ván khuôn phải thật chắc chắn để chịu được áp lực của bê tông ướt. (The formwork must be very sturdy to withstand the pressure of wet concrete.)
- Sau khi bê tông khô, họ sẽ tháo ván khuôn ra. (After the concrete dries, they will remove the formwork.)
"ván khuôn thép": steel formwork. A reusable formwork system made of steel panels.
- Dự án lớn này sử dụng chủ yếu ván khuôn thép để tiết kiệm thời gian. (This large project primarily uses steel formwork to save time.)
"ván khuôn leo": climbing formwork. A formwork system that "climbs" or is raised vertically for constructing tall structures like elevator cores.
- Ván khuôn leo giúp thi công nhanh các lõi chịu lực của tòa nhà chọc trời. (Climbing formwork helps in the rapid construction of the load-bearing cores of skyscrapers.)
Cốp pha (n): This is a direct loanword from the French "coffrage" and is a common synonym for "ván khuôn" in the Vietnamese construction industry.
- Anh ấy là chuyên gia về cốp pha. (He is a formwork expert.)
Khuôn đúc (n): casting mold. Often used for smaller, prefabricated concrete elements or in metalworking.
- Họ đổ bê tông vào khuôn đúc để làm các tấm panel. (They pour concrete into the casting mold to make panel sheets.)
- Formwork: The standard technical term in construction.
- Shuttering: Another term for formwork, commonly used in British English.
- Mold: A more general term for a hollow container that gives shape.
Note: As a highly technical term, "ván khuôn" is not commonly used in idiomatic expressions. Its figurative use is rare. - Cứng như ván khuôn: (Simile) As stiff/rigid as formwork. Used to describe something or someone very inflexible. - Quy định của họ cứng như ván khuôn, không có ngoại lệ. (Their rules are as rigid as formwork, with no exceptions.)